World War I
The war began in 1914
Everyone thought it would be a short war
They were wrong!
World War One: 1914-1918
Early 1900s, European great powers were racing to become
more powerful.
Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Russia
were competing.
The countries tried to become stronger by building empires.
This meant they had to control colonies
outside Europe.
Europe did not have a major war for 100 years!
In 1914 Europe was ready for war.
There were four main reasons for this:
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Militarism
Many European countries like Britain, France, and
Germany had strong armies and navies and lots of weapons.
Imperialism
European countries competed for land, colonies and
trade.
Countries in Europe took control of other countries
Colonial Empires 1914
French Empire
German Empire
British Empire
Nationalism
People had strong feelings and pride in their countries
and cultures
Alliance system
Political partnership
Countries looked for friends to protect them
Like gangs
France, Britain, and Russia were allies in the Triple
Entente.
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed the Triple
Alliance
Rule: An attack on one country in the group is like an
attack on them all
With all of this tension, all it took was one single
event to spark an all-out war.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria Hungary
June 28th 1914 Archduke Franz
Ferdinand and his wife were shot and killed while visiting Sarajevo, the
capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina
Bosnia-Herzegovina was part of Austria-Hungary
Serbia wanted to take over Bosnia-Herzegovina
Many Serbian nationalists – people who felt
strongly patriotic about their homeland- believed that they shared strong
religious, cultural, and ethnic ties with the people of Bosnia-Herzegovina
Gavrilo Princip
20 Years old in 1914
With Terrorist group called “The Black Hand”
The Latin Bridge was the site of the assassination of
Franz Ferdinand
Austria-Hungary used the assassinations as an excuse to
invade Serbia.
Russia then helped Serbia
Germany helped Austria-Hungary
Britain & France helped Russia
By August 4th 1914 much of Europe
was at war
British Government asked Canada for help
Canada was still not independent from Britain
Canada said they would help
Not all Canadians wanted to help (French Canadians)
In 1914 no one knew it would be a different and new
horrible kind of war
No one knew it would last 4 years and cost millions of
lives
No one knew it would become an event that would
transform Canada into a nation
Origins of World War I (part 1)
(part 2)
Origins of World War I (part 1)
(part 2)
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